1: Subordinate
2: Subordinate
3: Main
4: Subordinate
5: Main
6: Subordinate
7: Main (I believe)
8: Main
9: Subordinate
10: Subordinate
The subordinate clauses cannot stand on their own: they leave a hanging question. The majority of them also start with a coordinating conjunction, and that's a common thing in subordinate clauses. The main clauses can stand by themselves, as it can be seen as a whole sentence.
1 and 4
Reasoning:
Novels are usually long fiction books (100+ pages), and usually stay in the realm of fiction.
Short Stories can be both non-fiction and fiction.
Both Newspapers and Biographies account for true events, making them nonfiction.
The correct answer to this question is that Emerson believes that a sentence can be grammatical in context but ungrammatical in isolation. Thank you for posting your question. I hope this answer helped you. Let me know if you need more help.