John Locke, (born August 29, 1632, Wrington, Somerset, England—died October 28, 1704, High Laver, Essex), English philosopher whose works lie at the foundation of modern philosophical empiricism and political liberalism. He was an inspirer of both the European Enlightenment and the Constitution of the United States. His philosophical thinking was close to that of the founders of modern science, especially Robert Boyle, Sir Isaac Newton, and other members of the Royal Society. His political thought was grounded in the notion of a social contract between citizens and in the importance of toleration, especially in matters of religion. Much of what he advocated in the realm of politics was accepted in England after the Glorious Revolution of 1688–89 and in the United States after the country’s declaration of independence in 1776.
Locke’s family was sympathetic to Puritanism but remained within the Church of England, a situation that coloured Locke’s later life and thinking. Raised in Pensford, near Bristol, Locke was 10 years old at the start of the English Civil Wars between the monarchy of Charles I and parliamentary forces under the eventual leadership of Oliver Cromwell. Locke’s father, a lawyer, served as a captain in the cavalry of the parliamentarians and saw some limited action. From an early age, one may thus assume, Locke rejected any claim by the king to have a divine right to rule.
After the first Civil War ended in 1646, Locke’s father was able to obtain for his son, who had evidently shown academic ability, a place at Westminster School in distant London. It was to this already famous institution that Locke went in 1647, at age 14. Although the school had been taken over by the new republican government, its headmaster, Richard Busby (himself a distinguished scholar), was a royalist. For four years Locke remained under Busby’s instruction and control (Busby was a strong disciplinarian who much favoured the birch). In January 1649, just half a mile away from Westminster School, Charles was beheaded on the order of Cromwell. The boys were not allowed to attend the execution, though they were undoubtedly well aware of the events taking place nearby.
The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid scientific discovery, standardization, mass production, and industrialization from the late 19th century into the early 20th century.
<h3>What is an industrial revolution?</h3>
This is the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing.
<h3>Social causes of the second industrial revolution</h3>
- The widening of the gap between rich and poor. The consequence is that the wealthy factory owners bought machines which made them owners of means of production and employed workers who remained poor.
<h3>Political causes of the second industrial revolution</h3>
- The rise of the United States as a global economic power, the clash between traditional culture and modern progress, and the passage of labour-related legislation.
<h3>Economic causes of the second industrial revolution</h3>
- Natural resources, abundant labour supply, strong government policy, new sources of power, railroads and American inventors and inventions.
Hence, the general consequences of these causes are the rapid advances in the creation of steel, chemicals and electricity that helped fuel production, including mass-produced consumer goods and weapons.
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Francis Marion, I believe
Hey there,
The answer is - coal - powered blast furnaces
Hope this helps :))
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