The sepoy mutiny int he Indian subcontinent was instigated by political and social reasons. The predominant religions at the time in the subcontinent were Hinduism and Islam, the followers could not eat beef and pork respectively. The Indian population was practically enslaved by the British East India Company and how little to no rights. The soldiers that were conscripted, known as sepoys, were forced to fight in many wars such as the Afghan wars. What was the immediate catalyst was the forcing of them to put their mouths to animal grease (beef and pork) that lined their cartridges. This was one of the direct instigations of the sepoy mutiny.
Out of the options in the list, "profit" would be the primary incentive in a free-enterprise system, since in this system people are allowed to keep the money they make.
The same as today 32 degrees F or 0 degrees C