Answer:
By opening interaction with western nation.
Explanation:
In the past, both of these nations were extremely secluded and homogeneous. They strive to produce their own consumption products without any form of trades with another nation.
But they soon realize that it is much more beneficial to be involved in international trades due to the increase of target market and
China started to opened up the possibilities for international relation in early 1800s, and started to show signs of economic growth from that decision. Japan see this, and decided to emulated China in 1854.
That being said, both nations were pretty adamant that they're not interested in any form of colonial relationship with the Europeans. They wanted to maintain complete autonomy over their territories and not afraid to retaliate if the western nations started to show that intention.
<span>Bureaucracy is a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives, is can become corrupted and participate in the</span> practice of the spoils system, which is defined as a successful political party giving public office to its supporters.
The right answer is B. It is not uncommon that after a major conflict a country downsizes its military force. This occurred, for instance, in the United States, and this was seen as an opportunity to reform the Army. England, where the military consisted in part of volunteers, also rushed to demobilize its force. Germany, on the contrary, was forced to drastically reduce the size of its military force as a result of the signing of the Versailles Treaty (1919).
Two reasons the United States finally abandoned its neutrality and chose to enter World War I on the side of the Allies:
- Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare.
- The Zimmermann Telegram revealed a German attempt to gain Mexico as an ally against the United States.
Further details:
There had been great outrage against the Germans after the sinking of the British ocean liner, Lusitania, in 1915. In that incident, over 1,000 persons were killed, which included more than 100 Americans. Germany kept the US from entering the war at that time only by pledging to stop submarine attacks. But two years later, the Germans resumed such attacks. This was reason #1 for America to go to war with Germany.
In addition, British intelligence intercepted and decoded a telegram (known as the "Zimmermann Telegram") that showed Germany was trying to secure Mexico as an ally against the United States. The revelation of this plan inflamed feelings in the United States. The telegram was sent in January, 1917. In March, 1917, German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann admitted the telegram was, in fact, sent by his office.
In April, 1917, the US declared war on Germany in response to the Germans' submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram.