Question

As originally written, the First Amendment stated that freedom of speech, religion, press, and assembly could not be violated by? Select one: a. Congress. b. Federal or state governments. c. the President. d. anyone.

Answer 1

Answer:

Option-(B):  The First Amendment stated that freedom of speech, religion, press, and assembly could not be violated by the Federal or state governments.

Explanation:

The first amendment: In order to have a free state, where all the individuals will not be characterized upon there races and on there background but they will be treated as equal citizens of the US. The Federal government was prohibited to have any offensive ruling against any person based upon racial or religious slurs. As each person will be provided by the basic right to live as according to there religion and cast inside the US.

Answer 2

Answer:

The first amendment stated that freedom of speech,religion,press and assembly could not be violated by the Congress,option A

Explaination

The below is explicitly stated in the First Amendment

” Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances"

Federal or State governments cannot be correct option because the First Amendment was initially applicable to only Federal government.

The First Amendment was extended to State government through court case of  Gitlow v. New York (1925) where the dictates of Fourteenth Amendment were used to apply First Amendment to State governments