In 1798 the United States stood on the brink of war with France. The Federalists believed that Democratic-Republican criticism of Federalist policies was disloyal and feared that aliens living in the United States would sympathize with the French during a war. As a result, a Federalist-controlled Congress passed four laws, known collectively as the Alien and Sedition Acts. These laws raised the residency requirements for citizenship from 5 to 14 years, authorized the President to deport aliens, and permitted their arrest, imprisonment, and deportation during wartime. The Sedition Act made it a crime for American citizens to "print, utter, or publish . . . any false, scandalous, and malicious writing" about the Government.
The laws were directed against Democratic-Republicans, the party typically favored by new citizens, and the only journalists prosecuted under the Sedition Act were editors of Democratic-Republican newspapers. Sedition Act trials, along with the Senate’s use of its contempt powers to suppress dissent, set off a firestorm of criticism against the Federalists and contributed to their defeat in the election of 1800, after which the acts were repealed or allowed to expire. The controversies surrounding them, however, provided for some of the first testings of the limits of freedom of speech and press.
Answer:
more republicans than democrats
Explanation:
Black codes were adopted because the intent and effect of limiting African Americans’ freedom and compelling them to work in labor economy that was based on wages and debt.
<span>He promised to approach
American Foreign Policy by applying basic human rights. He planned to impart a
new morality in American diplomacy, one grounded in the pursuit of human
rights. The Carter administration thus spoken, planned, and applied a
human rights strategy that would serve as the foundation of Carter’s foreign
policy. The administration also related human rights concerns directly to the
conduct of foreign policy, together with a support for a bill halting
importation of Rhodesian (Zimbabwe) chrome and the lessening of foreign aid to
other nations that did not display adequate respect for human rights.</span>
