Answer:
Alpha decay or α-decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus) and thereby transforms or 'decays' into a different atomic nucleus, with a mass number that is reduced by four and an atomic number that is reduced by two.
Explanation:
B. Because they don’t want to see the patients real reaction to the medication to see if it is actually effective
Answer:
Organisms, populations, and species
Explanation:
Now we all know climate change, and how the effects of us humans have been affecting the animals and environment around us. We´ve seen complete species of animals, go extinct. The main reason, of course, being the interference of us, humans. Organisms could evolve, raccoons, for example, have adapted to city life exceptionally. Populations of raccoons have grown steadily in heavily human-populated areas, more specifically busy cities this past decade. Populations have also been forced to decrease, thanks to rapid deforestation and how we humans are decimating natural environments.
In cell signalling, after a signal is sent, signal molecules bind to receptors on target cells and some activity in a target cell changes.
There are three stages in cell signalling :
1. The process of reception occurs when a signalling molecule from the extracellular environment is recognized by a cell. The chemical signal, which is also known as a ligand, is recognized as a signal when it attaches to a receptor protein either on the exterior of the cell or on the interior of the cell.
2. Transduction: This process occurs when the signalling molecule interacts with the receptor, which causes a change in the protein that makes up the receptor. The process of transduction is kicked off by this modification. In most cases, signal transduction occurs through a pathway that consists of numerous stages. The signal transduction route contains relay molecules, each of which influences the subsequent molecule in the pathway.
3. Reaction: In the third and last step, the signal causes a certain cellular response.
Learn more about cell signalling here :
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