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It has become the opposing form of government to a monarchy and has therefore no monarch as head of state. Most often a republic is a single sovereign state, but there are also sub-sovereign state entities that are referred to as republics, or that have governments that are described as republican.
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The rule of law, defended by an independent judiciary, plays a crucial function by ensuring that civil and political rights and civil liberties are safe and that the equality and dignity of all citizens are not at risk.
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The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the constitution adopted during the Reconstruction period in America. The amendments gave rights to the African American and others by making slavery prohibited( illegal) along with equal citizenship and equal protection of the laws to everyone. The 15th amendment allowed the citizens (African Americans and others) to vote without any denial from the state and federal governments. These amendments allowed African Americans and others to gain their identity and freedom.
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The First Maroon War was a conflict between the Jamaican Maroons and the colonial British authorities that started around 1728 and continued until the peace treaties of 1739 and 1740. It was led by slaves who escaped from their plantations to become mountain dwelling fugitives. The name “Maroon” was given to these fugitives, and for many years they harassed the British colonial Government of Jamaica. Having tasted freedom, these Maroons were determined, at any cost, to preserve it. Their major tactic may be described as the forerunner of modern guerilla warfare. It was followed about half a century later by the Second Maroon War.
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