Respiration is done aerobically, using oxygen. a similar process is fermentation, yet it is done anaerobically, without oxygen. Fermentation, as a bi product, produces ethyl alcohol.
The Lac repressor prevents the Lac genes in the DNA of E.coli from being expressed most of the time. The Lac repressor is actually a kind of DNA binding protein. It is a fact that in case there is an absence of lactose, the Lac repressor binds to the proteins. I hope that this answer comes to your help.
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probably d) but im not 100% sure
The cell needs to replicate itself, so it must be getting ready to divide. The cell needs to produce a lot of protein, so it must be specialized. The cell is from a plant and can photosynthesize, so it must also have chloroplasts.