Thomas Hobbes is known for his social contract theory. It explains that people within a government have obligations to fulfill for the country. The government, on the other hand, have to grant the rights of the people. Two are bound to each with a social contract, an agreement. However, if the government neglects its duties to the people, they have the right not to follow or replace those that are in the leadership.
It's Ireland and England. These are two related countries with intertwined histories, but where the larger neighbor periodically conquered/subjugated/exploited the other