Answer:
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
Explanation:
The outgroup is the most distant taxonomic group that shares no traits or characters with the lineages of interest, which compose the ingroup. You can compare the outgroup with the ingroup to determine the evolutive relationship and which characters are primitive or derived.
Even though the outgroup shares a common ancestor with the ingroup, this is placed far away in evolution, making the outgroup to be the taxonomic group less related to the other lineages. The lineages in the ingroup share another common ancestor that is more recent in history.
To select the outgroup, you need to focus on what you are interested in. There might be several outgroups, but you should choose the one that is more related or closer to the ingroups. This selection is important because you need to make comparisons to understand the evolution of specific traits.
In the exposed example, we need to focus on animals that have four limbs. Then, we might assume that the ingroup is composed of Amphibians Crocodiles Dinosaurs. Sharks and Ray-Finned Fish do not have four limbs, so they might be considered outgroups.
From these two outgroups, sharks have a cartilaginous skeleton, while Ray-Finned Fishes have a bony skeleton. This fact makes ray-finned fishes more related to the ingroup than the sharks. So,
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
Answer:
Fibrinogen
Explanation:
Fibrinogen is one of the proteins present in the blood plasma. It makes 7% of the plasma proteins. During the process of blood clotting, the active thrombin enzyme serves to convert soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin. These insoluble threads of fibrin form the clot. Both thrombin and fibrinogen are produced in the liver. If fibrinogen is less than 4%, the process of blood clotting will be disturbed due to the production of insufficient threads of fibrin.
4 possible answers:
1: the initial temperature was not hot enough.
2: the protein did not congeal properly.
3: the yeast continued to ferment during baking.
4: the dough was overfermented prior to baking.
Answer:
Water and nutrient uptake.
Explanation:
The root system of a plant functions as conducting tissue for water and mineral nutrients that are essential for metabolic activities of the plant.
<em>Extensive surface area of roots is an adaptation associated with efficient water and mineral nutrient uptake because this will increase the surface area of roots in contact with the soil.</em>
Answer:
A) Divergent evolution because all of the species have similar structures during the first stage of development.
Explanation:
