Answer: The frequency of brown beetles is 0.32.
Explanation: The frequency of A1 allele is 0.8. As p+q=1, or the sum of dominant and recessive frequencies equals 1 or 100%:
1 - 0.8 = 0.2
In Hardy-Weinberg principle,
2pq represents the frequency of heterozygote individuals, so:
genotype A1A2 = 2*0.8*0.2 = 0.32.
Thus, the frequency of brown beetles (A1A2) in the population is 0.32.
Answer: ionotropic; metabotropic
Explanation:
A receptor can directly open the channel and exerts an ionotropic effect. The ionotropic effect takes place by the help of ionotropic receptors. These receptors are membrane bound receptor proteins which responds by the bonding of the ligand.
Due to ligand binding the channel opens and allows the movement of ions into the cells which helps in either increasing or decreasing the action potential.
The receptors can also bind to the ligand and produce metabotropic effect which means by the second messenger.
Respiratory system is refers to as the organs which are involved in breathing such as nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. It is also known as respiratory tract.
The circulatory system is refer to as which contains the heart and the blood vessels and blood moves throughout the body in vessels. This circulatory system helps tissues to get enough oxygen and nutrients, and it helps them get rid of waste products.
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What is breathing?</h3>
When person inhale (breathe in), air enters in the lungs, and oxygen from atmosphere moves to body blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, moves from blood to the lungs and is exhaled (breathed out).
Breathing process is known as gas exchange which is is essential to life.
For more information regarding breathing, visit:
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Answer:
A nerve is actually a long threadlike bundle of dendrites that conduct electrical impulses. Dendrite word derived from the Greek word 'dendron' which means tree. They carry messages in the form of electrical impulses to cell body, there are also wire like nerves called axon.
Explanation:
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