Integumentary system I believe
I think it’s a or c but I’m not good at these types of things
Answer: option D
The sodium potassium ion exchange move sodium and potassium in opposite direction in electrochemical gradients.
Explanation:
The sodium potassium pump is found in many animals plasma membranes and its moves the sodium and potassium ion in opposite direction across the plasma membrane with the hydrolysis of ATP(adenosine triphosphate) to supply the needed energy. It is an active transport process.
Answer: Protozoa contaminate the water supply.
Some protozoa are parasites and cause diseases like malaria.
Protozoa have an important role in the food chain.
Protozoa are parasitic or free living single celled eukaryotic organisms. They are mostly found in water bodies.
Protozoa contaminate the water supply: Some of the protozoan species which are released from the human feces usually contaminate thee water, and causes waterborne infections in humans. Examples are Cryptosporium and Giardia. The infection occurs through drinking water or swallowing water from swimming pool.
Some protozoa are parasites and cause diseases like malaria: The Plasmodium is the genus belonging to the protozoan parasites. This malarial parasite is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes to humans. The parasite multiply in the red blood cells causes symptoms like fever, anemia, flue, illness and may also cause coma and death.
Protozoa have an important role in the food chain: The protozoa species plays many roles in the food chain, they act as consumers, predators or prey, herbivores and decomposers. Their main function is to control the population of other species in the same habitat. They engulf small single celled bacteria, hence prevents excessive bacterial colonization act as predator. They also feed upon the algal species therefore, act as herbivores. They act as decomposers, as they feed upon the organic matter present in the bottom of the aquatic water body. They are the source of food for large worm and insect species.
In liquid media or broth difference between dry and wet will give biomass of the Epulopiscium.
Explanation:
Biomass of bacteria can be measured by dry or wet mass. Bacteria numbers can be counted by spread plate method under the microscope.
In solid media the colonies obtained are diluted and number of cells will be seen by plate count method or on automated cell counter. The number would help calculate biomass
The biomass will be calculated by measuring wet and dry mass. Equipments required will be:
hydraulic gravity convection oven and centrifugation set up.
A cellulose acetate filter membrane is used which is 47 mm in diameter and 0.45 micron of pore size.
The cells grown settles down due to gravity. They are stirred to evenly spread in the broth and is kept in centrifuge.
The cells obtained after centrifugation will be taken and wet weight is obtained.
To obtain dry weight the cells are placed in oven for 6 hours to 24 hours. The resultant cells are weighed and dry weight obtained.
Biomass will be calculated by subtracting the wet mass to dry mass. This way biomass is obtained in epulopisicuium. Here the cells will be of different size so on centrifugation 2 or more phases of cells can be seen due to gravity change.
