B. To aid Eastern European countries. Since they were all war-torn in the 1920-1940, they all agreed that the country that damages the other must pay their debts that they created with war violence.
Soil liquefaction describes a phenomenon whereby a saturated or partially saturated substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress, usually earthquake shaking or other sudden change in stress condition, causing it to behave like a liquid.
South-South-East, to be more precise - 150 degrees
The earth tilts for different times of the year. During the summer Alaska is a lot closer to the sun than florida.