Answer:
d. a chronic problem of locating and hiring qualified personnel
Explanation:
During the 18th and 19th century, the American police departments were having a problem of locating qualified personnel who would work in the police force.
<em>This led to them to develop a system called Kin police (voluntary men, who watch out for their kins)</em><em>.</em> And, also, people who were part of this group of volunteer performs other task like lighting street lamps, recovering lost children, capturing runaway animals, and a variety of other services with their involvement in crime control activities being minimal.
Answer: A) Paternalism
Explanation:
This phenomenon is the effort of a group, organization, and political structures to abolish certain human freedoms under the pretext that it is the best decision at a certain moment. Paternalism is also evident in the relationship between parents and children, so we often witness how parents forbid certain things to children because they think they are bad. If they do not have to be, they are often the product of subjective observations. Many experts consider Paternalism a negative phenomenon because the hesitation of freedoms must never be the solution.
