Asia and Europe were to many battles between the war of Great Britain and half of that there were time of times
According to the chart, the Scientific Revolution led to Enlightenment in the sense that its discoveries and methods were used by people to question society.
<h3>What was the Scientific Revolution?</h3>
The Scientific Revolution was a moment in history when several scientific discoveries were made and the scientific method was developed. This allowed for a drastic upgrade not only in science but also in the way people viewed the world.
It is for that reason that we can say Scientific Revolution led to Enlightenment. The new discoveries and the application of the scientific method to other areas of life, such as government and society, allowed people to perceive the importance of our minds, reasoning, and logic. People no longer attributed everything to a higher being, but they finally began to understand how the natural world and the human mind worked.
Since Enlightenment is based on the notion that reason, logic, and the human mind are central, we can conclude that the answer provided above is correct.
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The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the African American Male is the longest nontherapeutic experiment on human beings in medical history, as noted by Arthur L. Caplan (1992). Begun in 1932 by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS), the study was purportedly designed to determine the natural course of untreated latent syphilis in some 400 African American men in Tuskegee, Macon County, Alabama. The research subjects, all of whom had syphilis when they were enrolled in the study-contrary to the “urban myth” that holds “black men in Alabama were injected with the virus that causes syphilis” (Walker, 1992)-were matched against 200 uninfected subjects who served as a control group.
The subjects were recruited with misleading promises of “special free treatment,” which were actually spinal taps done without anesthesia to study the neurological effects of syphilis, and they were enrolled without their informed consent.
The subjects received heavy metals therapy, standard treatment in 1932, but were denied antibiotic therapy when it became clear in the 1940s that penicillin was a safe and effective treatment for the disease. When penicillin became widely available by the early 1950s as the preferred treatment for syphilis, this therapy was again withheld. On several occasions, the USPHS actually sought to prevent treatment.
The first published report of the study appeared in 1936, with subsequent papers issued every four to six years until the early 1970s. In l969, a committee at the federally operated Center for Disease Control decided the study should continue. Only in 1972, when accounts of the study first appeared in the national press, did the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW) halt the experiment.
At that time, 74 of the test subjects were still alive; at least 28, but perhaps more than 100, had died directly from advanced syphilis. An investigatory panel appointed by HEW in August 1972 found the study “ethically unjustified” and argued that penicillin should have been provided to the men. As a result, the National Research Act, passed in 1974, mandated that all federally funded proposed research with human subjects be approved by an institutional review board (IRB). By 1992, final payments of approximately $40,000 were made to survivors under an agreement settling the class action lawsuit brought on behalf of the Tuskegee Study subjects. President Clinton publicly apologized on behalf of the federal government to the handful of study survivors in April 1997.
Several major ethical issues involving human research subjects need to be studied further. The first major ethical issue to be considered is informed consent, which refers to telling potential research participants about all aspects of the research that might reasonably influence their decision to participate. A major unresolved concern is exactly how far researchers’ obligations extend to research subjects. Another concern has to do with the possibility that a person might feel pressured to agree or might not understand precisely what he or she is agreeing to. The investigators took advantage of a deprived socioeconomic situation in which the participants had experienced low levels of care. The contacts were with doctors and nurses who were seen as authority figures.
The article calls this declaration by Putin cynical because the invasion was more than a special operation and would militarize Ukraine.
<h3>Why did the article say this?</h3>
Putin's invasion of Ukraine was done with around 100,000 soldiers which means that it is a full scale invasion and not a special operation.
Ukraine has also become heavily militarized as a result of so many soldiers being in it. Putin was therefore being cynical because he was oversimplifying and lying about his invasion.
Find out more on the Russia - Ukraine conflict at brainly.com/question/26660181.
