Answer:
C. Buddy cannot be a creditor of the corporation after the redemption.
Explanation:
"A stock redemption that terminates a shareholder’s entire stock ownership in a corporation will qualify for sale or exchange treatment under § 302(b)(3). The attribution rules generally apply in determining whether the shareholder’s stock ownership has been completely terminated. However, the family attribution rules do not apply to a complete termination redemption if the following conditions are met:
The former shareholder has no interest, other than that of a creditor, in the corporation for at least 10 years after the redemption (including an interest as an officer, director, or employee).
The former shareholder files an agreement to notify the IRS of any prohibited interest acquired within the 10-year period and to retain all necessary records pertaining to the redemption during this time period."
Reference: South-Western, Thomson. “Chapter 5.” To Qualify for Sale or Exchange Treatment, a Stock Redemption Generally Must Result in a Substantial Reduction in a Shareholde, 2005,
Transnational
Strategy
Venture to
achieve low-cost, mark up products across markets and to foster a flow of
skills between different subsidiaries. High cost pressures, high local
responsiveness pressures. Actually there are a four kinds of strategy; Global Standardization Strategy, Transnational Strategy,
International Strategy, Localization Strategy.
The numerator of the return on common stockholders' equity is net income minus preferred dividends.
Option d
<u>Explanation:</u>
Return on common stockholders' equity which is also named as return on equity (ROE) ratio evaluates the accomplishment of a company in resulting income for the benefit of common stakeholders.
<em>Use of return on equity:</em>
- Isolates common equity returns
- Can be used to evaluate dividends
- Evaluates the use of capital by the management
It is calculated by income available for stockholders divided by the total number of common stock and is expressed or represented in percentage. Income available for common stockholders can be arrived by reducing preference dividends from Net income.
That is, 
Hence, net income minus preferred dividends is the right answer.
Answer:
B. customer relationship management
