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3 years ago

Bio 254 - Pre-Class Assignment 1

Biology

1 answer:

Trava [24]3 years ago

5 0

Question 1:

Answer:

The "first line of defence" in innate immunity is "Physical and chemical barriers".

Explanation

"Physical and chemical barriers" is first line of defence includes that are ready to defend the living organism's body from infection at any time . These barriers include your skin, cilia, tears, urine flow, mucus, stomach acid, friendly bacteria and white blood cells . Skin acts as a mechanical barrier as it does not allows all the organism to pass through it unless the skin is cut or open. Similarly mouth eyes, and nose are also the ways through with the disease causing organism can enter the body. The micro-organisms that entered through these pathways are trapped either in saliva or mucus and swallowed and later either killed in the stomach or flushed out via the urine. If this first line of defence is broken or damaged, the second line of defence inside our body will be activated.

Question 2:

Answer:

Histamine kinins, and interleukins are examples of inflammatory mediators.

Explanation:

Inflammatory mediators are identified in inflammatory bowel disease IBD.These mediators play an vital role in the clinical and pathologic characteristics of the disorders. Cytokines, that are released by macrophages in due to antigenic stimuli, are binded different receptors and produce endocrine, autocrine and paracrine effects. Interleukins are a subset of a large group of 'cellular messenger molecules' called cytokines that modulates the cellular behaviour. Interleukins are not stored within cells like cytokines but they are released immediately, in response to a stimulus. Once an interleukin has been secreted, it moves to the target cell and binds to it through a receptor molecule on the surface of the cell . This interaction triggers a sequence of signals in the target cell that ultimately leads to the alteration in the behaviour of the cell.

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Match the type of water with the location in which it is found. surface water ,water vapor, atmosphere, well ,glacier ,river, gr

musickatia [10]

Answer:

Surface water <---> river

Ground water <------> well

Water vapour <------> atmosphere

Glacier <-------> ice

Explanation:

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2 years ago

Choose which tissue would line the uterine (fallopian) tubes and function as a "conveyor belt" to help move a fertilized egg tow

olchik [2.2K]

The ciliated simple columnar epithelium is a tissue that would line the uterine tubes and function as a conveyor belt to help move a fertilized egg toward the uterus. The ciliated columnar epithelium transfers mucus and constituents through cilia and is originate in the upper respiratory area the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and principal part of the spinal cord. It is the main objective of contamination for common cold illnesses.

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3 years ago

The somatic motor division consists of somatic motor neurons that innervate cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle cells. The soma

juin [17]

Answer: FALSE

Explanation:

The nervous system is the system that detects and responds to changes inside and outside the body. This system consists of the brain, the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. The structure and organisation of the tissues that form these components enables rapid communication between different parts of the body.

Parts of the nervous system includes:

--> Central Nervous System ( consists of the brain and spinal cord)

--> Peripheral Nervous System ( consists of nerves outside the brain and spinal cord).The two functional parts of the peripheral nervous system are made up of the sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). The motor division is involved in activities that are voluntary (somatic nervous system) and involuntary (autonomic nervous system).

The somatic motor division consists of somatic motor neurons that innervates ONLY the SKELETAL MUSCLE for its voluntary actions while the autonomic motor neurons innervates the cardiac and smooth muscles. Therefore the statement is FALSE

4 0

2 years ago

If cloves are separated from the bulb and later planted in a garden, a new garlic bulb will grow from each. In this way, a home

xenn [34]

Answer:

The correct option is D) need to be aware that if any of his garlic plants became diseased, it could very likely infect the entire crop

Explanation:

If cloves from a bulb are taken and grown, then the plants formed will be identical to each other. As a result, there will be no genetic varieties in the garlic plants being produced. Hence, when a diseases eradicates, it will affect the entire plants of the garden as they would be genetically identically, Variations would have allowed some of the plants to be resistant for the disease and hence some of the plant species could be saved by genetic variations.

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3 years ago

Imagine that you are observing an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the lab. Every time you add more enzyme, the reaction rate increa

Aleks04 [339]

Answer:

All the substrates are bound to the enzyme, thats why the reaction rate stopped increasing.

Explanation:

Actually an enzyme works by binding a substrate molecule to its active site, producing a product , resulting in an increase in the rate of reaction.

Enzyme + substrate = Enzyme + product

Whenever enzymes are added , reaction rate increases as the substrates are being bound to the enzyme's active sites but then occurs a stage where further addition of enzyme cannot increase the reaction rate because all the substrates have bound to the enzyme and there are no substrates left. Hence the reaction rate stopped increasing.

7 0

3 years ago