Eight-year-old Daria was having some disturbances in her sleep, so her parents took her to a children’s hospital to undergo vari
ous tests. She recalls sleeping in the hospital room with a bunch of wires stuck to her scalp. What technique was used in Daria’s sleep study?A) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)B) MEG (magnetoenchephalography)C) electroencephalograph (EEG)D) PET scan (positron-emission tomography)E) CT scan (computer axial tomography)
This is an electrophysioloical method of recoding the electrical activities in the brain. The process is non invasive and involves placing wires across different regions of the scalp. It measures the voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current within the neurons of the brain. This helps to study the state of the brain and rule out disorders
The bunch of wires stuck to her scalp was to measure the ionic differences(Na +/K+) in axoplasm of her brain neuron, which when sum up from million of neurons at different electrode location on her scalp generated electrical field.When this passes through the brain tissues and eventually to the scalp it can be detected and measured as spikes of brain activity on the monitor. This techniques is called EEG, and it is used to monitor electrical activities of the brain.
it is used for diagnosis of epilepsy,seizure, nacolepsy-sleep disorders etc.
Its operation principle is that any alteration from the usual spikes of electrical activities of the brain must be due to an anomaly in the brain's function.
The immune system helps to protect our body from all sort of organisms ranging from invading toxins and micro-organisms which negatively affects an individual’s health and well being.
Stress has an adverse effect on the immune system such that it weakens and suppresses the functions of the required antibodies in the body system. This is the reason why many aged people fall sick because they have gone through more stress when compared to younger people.
Epidemiology is a branch of medicine, the study of human health and disease at the population level. Epidemiology deals with the incidence, distribution, prevalence and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. By tracking the cause and distribution of the disease among many individuals of the population, epidemiologist can identify potential stategies for the preventing and controlling of diseases and disorders.
