Enlightenment is when you are learning or understanding. Ignorance (the opposite) is when you have a lack of knowledge and understanding. Prejudice and superstition sprout from ignorance.
Enlightenment is freedom from ignorance.
The law helped unify the Muslim society because the law states that everyone on this earth is equal, and that behavior and how you treat others plays a huge role on how they unite. The Muslims pray together, break fast together, and work together. That is what made the Muslim society strong and held it from breaking apart. <span />
The flood made silt near rivers and silt made land extremely fertile for farming.
The answer is simple: The Enlightenment