_____________ an international design firm, was founded in Chicago by a group of partners including Ralph Eckerstrom, James K. F
ogleman, and Massimo Vignelli. The firm rejected individualistic design, believing that design could be a system: a basic structure set up so that other people could implement it effectively. The basic tool for this effort was the grid, which standardized all graphic communications for dozens of large clients, including Alcoa, Ford Motor Company, JCPenney, Memorex, Panasonic, Steelcase, and Xerox. Helvetica was the preferred typeface for all their visual identity systems, as it was considered the most legible type family. Objectivity was the firm s goal, and it spread a generic conformity across the face of multinational corporate communications. The design programs that it created were rational and so rigorously systemized that they became virtually foolproof as long as the standards were maintained.
Unimark is an international design firm, was founded in Chicago in 1965 by a group of partners including Ralph Eckerstrom, James K. Fogleman, Massimo Vignelli, Bob Noorda, Wally Gutches, and Larry Klein.
The use of the Internet, technology, and e-commerce has helped pave the way toward "<span>b. a global economy" since many transactions can be done over the Internet. </span>
