The first factor was the invention of barbed wire in the 1870s allowed cattle to be confined to designated areas to prevent overgrazing of the open range system.
The second factor was that an increase in the price of beef led to the end of the open range system.
Thirdly, the development of railroads contributed to the end of the open range system.
Fourthly, the disappearance of big mining companies also led to the end of the open range system.
Fifth, overstocking also contributed to the end of the open range system.
Sixth, fall in demand in the east for beef led to the end of the open range system.
Seven, the Great Die Up when the temperatures fell up to -55 degree celsius and 15% of the cattle in the open range died and the rest were in terrible condition and and the ranchers were forced to sell them at low cost.
