What is the process by which scientists "grade" the work of other scientists before it is published

Biology

1 answer:

katen-ka-za [31]3 years ago

6 0

Peer-review, somebody else read and grades the work to give feedback on the scientists work.

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Which of these describes a behavioral adaptation that will increase the probability that a species will survive?

Nookie1986 [14]

Answer:

I think it's (Letter A) A bird has brown feathers that help it blend with ground where it's nest is located.

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Explanation:

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3 years ago

given that a couple with type a blood and type o blood already have a child with type o blood, construct a punnett square for th

Virty [35]

Despite the fact that both parents are still blood type A, Dad has the option of passing either the A or the O gene variant.

Mom can also transmit either an A or an O. As a result, you can see that a child has a 1 in 4 probability, or 25% chance, of having blood type O. However, it is theoretically feasible for two O-type parents to have an AB or B blood type child (although this is even more unlikely). In fact, if you take into account the rule-breaking cases, a child can acquire practically any blood type. Having an A parent and a B parent can result in a child with the blood types A, B, AB, or O.

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1 year ago

What term is used to describe bacterial cells that can naturally take up dna from their environment?

Maru [420]

<h2>The correct answer is: Competent cells</h2>

Explanation:

Bacterial cells have the capability of incorporating foreign naked DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid fragments from the environment or the exterior of the cell to the interior of the cell. This process is known as Transformation.
The bacterial cells which are able to undergo transformation are called Competent bacterial cells.
Some of the bacterial cells are naturally competent like Bacillus subtilis, Streptocossus pneumoniae while others like Escherishia coli need to be chemically treated to make them artificially competent.
In natural competence, the foreign DNA from the cell exterior is incorporated into the cell interior through specific protein complexes present in the plasma membrane of the bacterial cells.
In artificial competence, the negative charge on foreign DNA is masked by positively charged calcium ions (so that it is not repelled by the negative charge of the lipid bilayer of the bacterial cell plasma membrane) and then small pores are created in the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of the bacterial cells by giving a heat shock to the cells. This results in the uptake of the DNA by the bacterial cells.