In 1937, Japan went to war with China.
In the American federal system, there are limitations on national government's ability to carry out its policies through the executive branch of state governments. For example, in Printz v. United States<span>, 521 U.S. 898 (1997) the Court held that the national government could not directly require state law enforcement officers to conduct background checks under the Brady firearms legislation. The court explained that prior decisions warned that "this Court never has sanctioned explicitly a federal command to the States to promulgate and enforce laws and regulations." And yet, there are significant advantages in a federal system to obtain state assistance in the local implementation of federal programs. Implementing such programs through national employees would significantly increase the size and intrusiveness of the national government. Moreover, local implementation may assure that these programs are implemented in ways that take local conditions into account.</span>
Hiram Bingham, an American archaeologist, discovered Machu Picchu in 1911. When exploring Peru, actually looking for Vilcabamba, a farmer told him about ruins called "Old Mountain."
Many experts believe that the decline of the ancient Aryan civilization was caused by environmental changes. Another theory suggests that a sharp rise in the Aryan population led to the decline.
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Early National Era: 1789–1801. The cabinet-level Department of Foreign Affairs was created in 1789 by the First Congress. It was soon renamed the Department of State and changed the title of secretary for foreign affairs to Secretary of State; Thomas Jefferson returned from France to take the position.
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