Without energy our body’s would shut down like a car out of gas. We need energy to function and move around!
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Answer:
Problems with transfection efficiency or absence of essential mRNA modifications (capping and poly-A tail)
Explanation:
Translation is the process of protein synthesis from RNA in which the genetic information encoded in a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is translated into a protein sequence composed of amino acids. Translation has three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. During translation, different elements are required to initiate, continue and complete the process, which include essential molecules such as amino acids, mRNA, tRNAs, ribosomes, energy-carrying molecules (i.e., ATP, GTP), initiation factors (i.e., eIF1A, eIF3, etc) and elongation factors (eEF-2, EIF5A). For example, humans can't synthesize nine essential amino acids (i.e., threonine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, valine, methionine, leucine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine), thereby it is imperative to include these amino acids to synthesize proteins composed of them. On the other hand, it is also fundamental to take into account that the efficiency of transfection of the molecules required during translation, as well as the absence of modifications in the mature mRNA sequence, may alter the process in vitro.
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Answer:
(C) Only BamHI and BglII fragments are compatible.
Explanation:
First we can visualize how the enzymes cut by completing the strand below and cutting where indicated. The three enzymes cut with cohesive ends.
Then we can complete the sense of the strands and serach compatible ends. Keep in mind that we can only join 5 'ends with 3' ends.
BamHI = G...3' 5'...GATCC
CCTAG...5' 3'...G
XbaI = T...3' 5'...CTAGA
AGATC...5' 3'...T
BglII = A...3' 5'...GATCT
TCTAG...5' 3'...A
In bold, leave the bases that remain in single strand and must be compatible with those of the other end.
To be compatible they must be complementary bases. A with T and C with G.
Now you can see that only BamHI fragments are compatible with those of BglII.