The turn in favor of the Allies resulted from a more serious military involvement of the US in the war.
After bitter experiences in hilly Italy, the Allies finally accepted the American view that war was the easiest to win by directly striking German forces across the plains of Western Europe. From the end of 1943, preparations for a large landing on the French coast, which was given the code "Operation Overlord", intensified. Naval and airborne assault had been planned for years and then practiced for months, with an unprecedented system of enemy misinformation.
In March 1941, the Congress passed a law to provide favorable purpose loans for the purchase of weapons and other military materials from the United States.
Credit could be given to countries "whose defense is important to the interests of the United States", with debt on arms and supplies consumed during the war written off. This system was called "Land Lease".
Explanation:
- The United Kingdom was the first to receive this US aid, and remained its main beneficiary until the end of World War II ($ 31.4 billion, with the USSR borrowing $ 11.3 billion).
- The Loan and Lease Act extended to the USSR on November 7, 1941, though delivery began earlier.
- Extensive preparations bore fruit on June 6, 1944 (the day is known as D-day), when the largest landing in history was carried out. Allied forces had landed in Normandy (a peninsula in the northwest of France), instead of at Calais, where the Germans were expecting them.
- 39 Allied divisions, close to 12,000 aircraft, 4,500 tanks, 5,000 ships and about 4,000 other naval transports participated in the assault. After a month and a half of fierce fighting and Hitler's persistent refusal to issue a withdrawal order, German forces were besieged and destroyed.
Class: History
Level: Middle school
Keywords: World War II, Normandy, Loan and Lease Act
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The effect which it had on the economy was the <span>establishment of lending institutions across the continent, standardized methods of taxation and an increase in European trade.</span>
