Europe, has more advances in technology in warfare, transportations. Also their governments are strong and stable due to ones careful rule.
But the real reason for European dominant is because they really and I mean really focus on their militaristic aspect as which they relied on for stability, conquest, and glory because thousands of years, Kings and some Queens are tought the ways of war and how war can give more than just territory and as a matter of fact Kings had trained themselves in Europe for milania, so not just did Kings evolve but the technology to fight among themselves were drastically improved as well.
I hope I was a little help to you
The most powerful person in ancient Egypt was the pharaoh, so it would be the second option, B. As 'Lord of the Two Lands' the pharaoh was the ruler of Upper and Lower Egypt. He owned all of the land, made laws, collected taxes, and defended Egypt against foreigners. As 'High Priest of Every Temple', the pharaoh represented the gods on Earth. He performed rituals and built temples to honour the gods