Science-fiction gothic picaresque stream-of-consciousness.
Answers:
A proper noun is used to specify which common noun you are referring too.
Explanation:
1) A persons name (such as Jamie, Ethan, etc)
2) the specific name of a place (North mall, etc)
3) proper name of the object ( Rayban sunglasses, etc)
4) proper name of the object ( Running shoes, etc)
5) Name of the establishment or item ( Mcdonald’s, Big Mac, etc)
I'm not 100% sure on these since I haven't read the excerpt but for the first question, I would go with the first choice or A. Indirect characterization can be shown through speech, actions, dialogue, etc. The character would have to take certain actions to show that they are maintaining discipline.
For the second question, I would choose the first choice or A. A clear description of Dave being morose and irritable would be very direct characterization.