The prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus, but, instead, generally have a single chromosome: a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called a nucleoid
Answer:
The correct answer is: a.
Explanation:
- A Diploid organism possess two copies ( also called alleles) of each autosomal gene, of which one copy of the gene is obtained from one of its parents and the other copy from its other parent.
- During the process of replication, one of the alleles of the GTPase encoding gene undergoes a mis-sense mutation.
- A Mis-sense mutation can be defined as a non-synonymous mutation in which one of the nucleotide in the sequence of the gene gets altered such that it causes a change in the amino acid encoded by the codon (triplet nucleotide message encoding for a single amino acid) formed by the mutated nucleotide. A single amino acid change in the protein, if occurs in the functional site of the protein, can render a protein non-functional.
- Hence, the mis-sense mutation in one of the alleles encoding for the GTPase gene causes the resulting protein produced from the mutated allele to have drastically reduced function (1%).
- A heterozygous cell is one which has one copy of the normal allele and the other copy of the mutated allele of the GTPase encoding gene.
- As one copy of the normal GTPase allele is present in such an individual, it can produce the normal GTPase protein that can assist in the process of cell growth and division.
- Hence, the phenotype(expressed character) of the heterozygous cell will not be affected due to the mutation and it will be able to grow and divide normally.
Answer:
Smaller populations have a greater chance of having one allele expressed disproportionately.
Explanation:
Genetic drift corresponds to a drastic casual alteration of the natural order, reaching the genotypic concentration of one or several species, not preliminarily involving natural selection factors, but caused by sudden events. Such phenomenon is characterized by the occurrence of ecological catastrophes, for example: earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes, floods, burnings, avalanches and other processes, affecting a large population contingent. Thus limiting the genetic content of a particular group, restricted to the prevailing individuals.
In this situation, with low variability, differentiated individuals will experience a more significant selection pressure in relation to the ascending lineage, which minimized the achievements of selection due to the high number of living individuals. In this scenario, smaller populations will have a greater chance of having a disproportionately expressed allele as the number of members is reduced. We can also see this effect if by using a coin we imagine that heads and tails are two alleles in a population and each coin toss represents one member of that population.
False. It shows the DNA of someone.
Germ cell's I believe. These are cells that includes half your genome in order to reproduce.
