Answer:
The correct answer is: option D
Explanation:
The degree of operating leverage (DOL) is a measure used to evaluate how a company's operating income changes after a percentage change in its sales. A company's operating leverage involves fixed costs and variable costs. It is a financial ratio that measures the sensitivity of a company’s operating income to its sales. This financial metric shows how a change in the company’s sales will affect its operating income.
There are two main formulas to calculate the DOL:
DOL= Contribution Margin/ Operating Income
or
DOL= [Qx(P-V)] / [QX(P-V)-F)
Where:
Q: the number of units
P: the price per unit
V: the variable cost per unit
F: the fixed costs
Answer:
a.
r = 0.06697 or 6.697% rounded off to 6.70%
b.
r = 0.1202 or 12.02%
Explanation:
a.
Using the constant growth model of dividend discount model, we can calculate the price of the stock today. The DDM values a stock based on the present value of the expected future dividends from the stock. The formula for price today under this model is,
P0 = D0 * (1+g) / (r - g)
Where,
- D0 * (1+g) is dividend expected for the next period /year
- r is the required rate of return or cost of equity
Plugging in the values for P0, D0 and g in the formula, we can calculate the value of r to be,
76 = 0.5 * (1+0.06) / (r - 0.06)
76 * (r - 0.06) = 0.53
76r - 4.56 = 0.53
76r = 0.53 + 4.56
r = 5.09 / 76
r = 0.06697 or 6.697% rounded off to 6.70%
.
Using the CAPM, we can calculate the required/expected rate of return on a stock. This is the minimum return required by the investors to invest in a stock based on its systematic risk, the market's risk premium and the risk free rate.
The formula for required rate of return under CAPM is,
r = rRF + Beta * (rM - rRF)
Where,
rRF is the risk free rate
rM is the market return
r = 0.059 + 1.2 * (0.11 - 0.059)
r = 0.1202 or 12.02%
Answer:
The forecast for September using exponential smoothing with alpha = 0.4 is 62.
Explanation:
Forecasting Formula
Forecasting the next point is determined using the forecasting formula is the basic equation
S(t+1)=αy(t)+(1−α)S(t), 0<α≤1,t>0.
α = alpha =0.4
New forecast S(t+1) is previous forecast S(t) plus an error adjustment. This can be written as:
S(t+1)=S(t)+αϵ(t),
where ϵ(t) is the forecast error (actual - forecast) for period t.
In other words, the new forecast is the old one plus an adjustment for the error that occurred in the last forecast.
New forecast for August S(t+1) = 0.4×60 + (1-0.4)×70
= 66
New forecast for September S(t+1) =0.4×56 + (1-0.4)×66
=62
Answer: (C) An interim report
Explanation:
An interim report is one of the type of report system in an organization that helps in collecting the various types of financial based data by properly analyzing on the basis of the performance.
The main objective of the interim report is to give timely update with the proper entity of the performance in an organization. In this report, the company statement include all the financial based information which contains the whole year report of the company.
According to the given question, Sonia is the manager of a advertising agency and she has prepared an interim report by proper analyzing the work quality and some recommendations for the project.
Therefore, Option (C) is correct answer.
