Answer:
Most important of all, Roman Law will have great significance in regard to the formation of uniform legal rules, which further the process of political integration in Europe. Roman Law is the common foundation upon which the European legal order is built.
Explanation:
The bloodless coup was the Glorious Revolution of 1688. It was the overthrow of James ll of England, who became king after his brother’s death in 1685.
The Catholic king James ll wanted the Catholic Church to coexist with the Anglican Church but Parliament didn’t want; in fact, in 1673 Parliament passed the Test Act which forbade any Catholic to be a member of either the Commons or the Lords.
James hadn’t had a son yet, in consequence his daughter Mary, who was Protestant and married to William of Orange (also Protestant), would be the queen according to the line of succession, but in June of 1688 James ll had his son, James, and that destroyed all hopes to have a Protestant ruler.
Because of the born of James’s son, members of Parliament, who were against James, invited William of Orange to invade Britain. William entered London but the crown was offered to Mary, so William said he would leave Britain unless he became king. The members of Parliament had no choice and offered the crown to him and Mary. Parliament had decided that James ll had lost his right to the crown, the reason was that he tried to undermine “the constitution of the kingdom by breaking the original contract between King and People.” People was represented by Parliament and as a result Parliament should be the overall power in the state.
The Glorious Revolution was more a <em>coup d’etat</em> by the ruling class because parliament made William king, not by inheritance but by their choice. From this moment, Parliament was more powerful than the king.
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
heyy i know this is like 4 years late but the answer is D. i took the test.
1) Italy was in the 15th century the wealthiest region in Europe. Its merchant class, clergy, aristocracy had money to pay for artists and could afford to sponsor various large cultural, architectural, and artistic projects of that time. Italy did not experienced significant warfare as did Western and Central Europe due outbreak of 100 Years War that devastated medieval Europe. This helped to have more capital surplus than rest of Europe.
<span>2) Italy has the largest heritage of the Roman civilization in Europe. Europeans were always fascinated in Roman past, but they had hard time to connect with it (for example due lack of eduction). However, the Roman past was present everywhere. More the Italians had uncovered about the lost civilization, the more they were fascinated by it. It generated more interest about Roman culture, writing, art, architecture, and way of life. Europeans in the medieval and renaissance era were not aware of any Greek contribution toward the Roman civilization. This was discovered much later, in the 18th century, when the historians proved that the Greek culture predates Roman. </span>
<span>3) Relative decline of France. France was the largest and the most powerful medieval state in Europe. It gave the world a Gothic art which become the imprint of the medieval era. French dynasty, society, and monastic orders (Cistercians, Premonstratensians) were radiating its culture to the rest of Europe. But the 100 Years War devastated much of France, even Paris. The French dynasty did not provided cultural influence; and this void was filed with Italian clergy and papacy (it also moved from southern France back to Italy). Popes and the clergy influenced the rest of Italy well before the outbreak of Reformation. Renaissance predates Reformation by 100 years. </span>
<span>4) The level of urbanization due more advanced economy. Italian cities were the largest in Europe, and were banking centers of the medieval world. Outside Italy, only Paris could compare to the size of Milan, Venice, Florence, Pisa, and Napoli. The cities had very diversified economy and complex social classes similar to modern Europe than medieval times. Large merchant class was literate and was harder to control by the church hierarchy. The modern society was far more secular and more open-minded about various topics like nudity. Renaissance was a break-point from medieval piety because of its secularization. </span>
<span>5) Political structure. Because Italy was fragmented and lacked significant center of gravity, each urban center had own cultural influence. The larger cities were also competing for the best artists of their times.
Hope This Helps :)</span>
