Answer:
10
Explanation:
Pointer arithmetic is tricky. The address is incremented by the sizeof the pointed element. A short is 2 bytes.
So adding 10 adds 20 bytes to the starting address of arr[].
In the expression, you're adding 10-6 = 4 to the start of the array, so you're pointing at the fifth element, arr[4] which is 10.
Answer:
1. Processor communication -- this involves the following tasks:
<em>a. exchange of data between processor and I/O module</em>
<em>b. command decoding - I/O module accepts commands sent from the processor. E.g., the I/O module for a disk drive may accept the following commands from the processor: READ SECTOR, WRITE SECTOR, SEEK track, etc. </em>
<em>c. status reporting – The device must be able to report its status to the processor, e.g., disk drive busy, ready etc. Status reporting may also involve reporting various errors. </em>
<em>d. Address recognition – Each I/O device has a unique address and the I/O module must recognize this address. </em>
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2. Device communication – The I/O module must be able to perform device communication such as status reporting.
3. Control & timing – The I/O module must be able to co-ordinate the flow of data between the internal resources (such as processor, memory) and external devices.
4. Data buffering – This is necessary as there is a speed mismatch between speed of data transfer between processor and memory and external devices. Data coming from the main memory are sent to an I/O module in a rapid burst. The data is buffered in the I/O module and then sent to the peripheral device at its rate.
5. Error detection – The I/O module must also be able to detect errors and report them to the processor. These errors may be mechanical errors (such as paper jam in a printer), or changes in the bit pattern of transmitted data. A common way of detecting such errors is by using parity bits.
<span>Ports are used to distinguish among multiple destination processes in a single host computer.</span>
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)<span> port 500 is used for i k e traffic from VPN client to server.
</span><span>This port is used during the establishment of secure VPN tunnels.
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