Sickle-cell anaemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Individuals with the homozygous recessive have sickle-shaped blood cells. Whereas, individuals with heterozygous are only carrier of sickle cell trait. The carrier individuals are resistant to malarial parasite and do not have malaria.

As per the question, 4% of an African population is born with sickle-cell disease, then the percentage of the population is heterozygous and resistant to malaria will be:

Hardy-Weinberg formula is equilibrium,

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

p = frequency of the dominant allele in the population

q = frequency of the recessive allele in the population

p2 = percentage of homozygous dominant individuals

q2 = percentage of homozygous recessive individuals

2pq = percentage of heterozygous individuals

Given, homozygous recessive for this gene (q2) is 4% which is 0.04, the square root (q) is 0.2 (20%) then p should be 1-0.2 = 0.8 (20%).

Thus, the frequency of heterozygous individuals = 2pq.

2 (0.8 x 0.2) = 0.32 (32%).

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3 years ago

DNA is transcribed to messenger RNA (mRNA), and the mRNA is translated to proteins on the ribosomes. A sequence of three nucleot

Maru [420]

Answer:

start codon - AUG

in-sequence amino acid - AAA, UGC, AUC, CAC, GCA, ACU

stop codon - UAA, UAG, UGA

Explanation:

From the amino acid chart, the start codon is represented by the codon AUG which also code for the amino acid methionine. There are three stop codons including UAA, UAG, and UGA. The stop codons signal the end of the translation process of the mRNA. Every other codon within the mRNA chain codes for different amino acids except methionine.

Hence, using the attached amino acid chart:

start codon - AUG

in-sequence amino acid - AAA, UGC, AUC, CAC, GCA, ACU

stop codon - UAA, UAG, UGA

6 0

3 years ago