They run up a tree and steal them from all the birds nests then swallow them
The complement system is a major component of the innate immune response. This system is composed of plasma proteins synthesized mainly by the liver or membrane proteins that are capable of promoting inflammatory responses.
- The COMPLEMENT SYSTEM is a part of the innate immune response that is INVOLVED in neuromyelitis Optica (NMO).
- NMO is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system by producing medullary/optical nerve damage, thereby triggering paralysis and/or blindness.
- Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is an aquaporin (water channel) integral membrane protein which is strongly expressed in astrocytes of the central nervous system.
- This disease (NMO) is caused by aquaporin-4-specific autoantibodies that activate classical complement cascade and astrocytic damage.
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Answer:
In one way, the existence of a nonsense mutation would lead to the generation of a premature termination codon that will be identified by the RNA polymerase as a termination sequence encouraged by the activity of Rho factor to dissociate ribosome, thus, discharging RNA polymerase and preventing further transcription mechanism making the transcription of the downstream sequence impossible.
For the second way, there is a need to consider that the mechanism is taking place post-transcriptionally. Thus, the effects should be devised after transcription has taken place and the only fate lies in the mechanism encouraged by the RNA dependent RNA-polymerase. However, for this to take place, the event of genetic recombination can also be taken into account leading to the appearance of the faulty gene in the sequence. Apart from this, the open reading frame is required to be co-expressive that would be the most suitable factor, which determines whether the downstream sequences will be transcribed or not post nonsense mutation.
However, the total change relies upon the fact that the mutation is taking place artificially or is induced naturally. One more thing to consider is that there is an existence of another gene known as MCB 354, which is encrypted by another gene and is probably monitored by another promoter sequence. Thus, co-expression would probably be the mechanism in terms of the rho-dependent termination.
Answer:
d. The effectiveness of an autoclave is dependent on an increase in pressure and corresponding increase in temperature.
Explanation:
Autoclaving is a heat treatment widely used in the hospital environment and consists of keeping contaminated material at a high temperature through contact with water vapor for a period of time sufficient to destroy all pathogens.
The process includes compression and decompression cycles to facilitate contact between vapor and contaminated materials. The usual pressure values range from 3 to 3.5 bar and the temperature reaches 135ºC. Having the advantage of being relatively simple and can be used to sterilize various types of hospital supplies. Thus, we can conclude that the effectiveness of an autoclave depends on a pressure increase and corresponding temperature increase.