According to the central principle of utility, actions are right in proportion, as they tend to promote happiness, and wrong, as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness (pain).
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What is the principle of utility?</h3>
The concept of the principle of utility refers to the standard that determines whether or not any action is acceptable. According to the propensity it shows to either increase or decrease the happiness of the party whose interest is under consideration, or, to put it another way, to support or oppose that happiness.
For instance, the utilitarian viewpoint holds that you should select the flavour of ice cream that will make you feel the happiest if you are making a decision for yourself. If you like chocolate but detest vanilla, go with chocolate for the delight it will provide, and stay away from vanilla because it will make you unhappy.
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It's usually bombings that keep residents up at night. Nobody's going to stay up solely because you hear folks laughing or if you hear ambulances. In the midst of war, a bombing is going to scare people the most and will most likely keep them up at night :(
I believe the answer is: Cognitive
The cognitive approach of psychology focuses on how the thought that people have would affect their overall behaviour. The thought process would influence whether people see their problems in positive or negative lights. People who see them in negative perspective, tend to adopt a defeatist behaviour and tend to choose to run away from their problems rather than facing it.
We distinguish between "sex" and "gender".
Your sex is what you're born as, the physical body, you're either a man or a woman.
Your gender is something that you construct. That means, you may feel like either a man or a woman.
In some cases your physical sex and your constructed gender don't match, and you have people who feel as if they had been born in the wrong body.
