Middle class youth do not become the same as lower class youth because there in different situations and different home environments!
A) yes- definitely! many mental disorders are genetically motivated
b) yes! a mental disorder can be a result of for example child abuse
so we already see that d. must be the correct answer.
As for physical factors, I think head trauma could be a good example.
Answer:
Scaffolding.
Explanation:
As Carmen's skill improves, her father steps back, letting her try on her own. This example illustrates the concept of <em>scaffolding</em>. Providing clues, and encouragement to help children accomplish a new task is known as scaffolding. A scaffold supports the workers while the building is fixed. It is a way of supporting Carmen when she was learning to fit pieces into a wooden puzzle form. The scaffold is needed up to the time when the way to fit the pieces on her own is acquired.