Explanation:
Slavery, condition in which one human being was owned by another. ... a perceived labour shortage, for otherwise it is unlikely that most people would bother to acquire or to keep slaves.
On May 7, 1915, a german submarine torpedoed and sank the Lusitania, a British cruiseliner which had 128 American citizens on board, as well as military goods. It was the first step to the US joining the war.
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Direct election of U.S. senators is your answer!
Quito is located along the equator