Economic hardship created by the Great Depression
The correct answer is <span>A) John F. Kennedy
This was the famous Cuban missile crisis that occurred during Kennedy's presidency. Since the United States had their own bases in Europe close to Russia, Soviets decided to open up their own base in Cuba with missiles in case that the United States started a war. There was a huge problem about this and many people believed a war was going to begin.</span>
<span>Monarchy is a form of authoritarian government in which power is handed down through family lines and rulers stay in power for life. The correct answer is B. Just take a look at contemporary England and its Queen Elizabeth II. Oligarchy refers to a small group of people who rule a country. Republic refers to the President who is elected by the people and his "reign" is not hereditary. Plutocracy is a country which is ruled by the rich people. Theocracy is a state in which the church rules, along with its priests, in the name of God.</span>
They weren't so successful at conquering Europe or China. Of course, one can blame the long supply lines, but in these cases their adversaries were also determined to repulse them.
In contrast, Byzantium and Persia were exhausted from mutual warfare. Tribes related by kinship to Muslim Arabs had served as mercenaries during this period, so there was a lot of tactical knowledge available.
The Byzantines retreated to the highlands of Anatolia upon losing their lower-lying provinces to the Muslims. I am not sure if they launched a determined counter-attack. The Persians did, but they could not fight coherently.
