the counter reformation was the period of catholic revival beginning with the council of Trent and ending the the close of the thirty years war and was initiated in response of the protestant reformation.
The Great Schism was between the Roman Catholic Church and the Greek Orthodox Church.
The Great Schism refers to a conflictive religious event that occurred in 1054. In this conflict there was a mutual rupture and excommunication between the highest hierarch of the Catholic Church in Rome, the Pope or Bishop of Rome (together with the Christianity of Occident), and the ecclesiastical hierarchies of the Orthodox Church (together with the Christianity of the East) especially the principal of them, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
Im pretty sure the answer is A. ((APEX))
In the case that would become most famous, a plaintiff named Oliver Brown filed a class-action suit against the Board of Education of <em><u>Topeka, Kansas</u></em>, in 1951, after his daughter, Linda Brown, was denied entrance to Topeka's all-white elementary schools.