100,000 years ago during the final part of the last Ice Age, sea levels dropped revealing land corridors that the Native Americans traveled on to get to North America. (land corridors)
The answer to the question is 1889 however it did not go smoothly
The major concern of scientists who left Nazi Germany for the states before ww2 was that a new Nazi would heavily persecute the Jews ,many of whom held positions in the realm of science