The Egyptians worshiped multiple gods. The Hebrews worshiped one God. The Egyptians were plagued by the Hebrew God, and eventually, the God of the Hebrews got them out of Egypt. I would say both, because the Hebrew people definitely recognized the power of God, and the Egyptians pleaded with Pharaoh to just give in and let the Hebrews go, but he was stubborn.
many African Americans couldnt pay the poll taxes and werent able to read very well so they were unable to pass and because of that were unable to vote