It is a part of John Locke's Natural Rights popular during the age of enlightenment that people had inalienable rights to life, liberty and property. This was reflected by Thomas Jefferson in his Declaration of Independence as rights to life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
Another line in the declaration of independence is that people have certain rights just because they are human. Humans are capable of obeying the three natural rights John Locke mentioned making them governable by these laws and therefore entitled to these rights as well.
1. Money, money, money. Or, as the saying goes, the three G's; Gold, Glory, and God. But for the Conquistadors, it was Gold and Glory.
2. The Aztecs first accepted Cortes because Cortes arrived when the Aztecs believed a God was supposed to arrive, kinda like that movie The Road to El Dorado, and so the Aztecs welcomed him with open arms.
The people living in the fishing village of Minamata, Japan had mercury poisoning caused by toxic environmental pollution.
F - Evidence can be biased, and often is.
For example, a report from a German Officer on a attack in WW2 may be different from his allied counterparts.
Agriculture!!!
Agriculture allowed for stable food supply and a food surplus which supported population growth. It also allowed people to settle and stay in the same place. Civilization began when the agricultural revolution began.
AP World history