The sum of the probabilities in a probability distribution is always 1.
A probability distribution is a collection of probabilities that defines the likelihood of observing all of the various outcomes of an event or experiment. Based on this definition, a probability distribution has two important properties that are always true:
Each probability in the distribution must be of a value between 0 and 1.
The sum of all the probabilities in the distribution must be equal to 1.
An example: You could define a probability distribution for the observation for the number displayed by a single roll of a die. The probability that the die with show a "1" is
1
6
.
That's because there are six possible outcomes, and only one of those outcomes is a "1". Lets label the probabilities of all the possible outcomes for the single die.
Roll a "1": Probability is
1
6
Roll a "2": Probability is
1
6
Roll a "3": Probability is
1
6
Roll a "4": Probability is
1
6
Roll a "5": Probability is
1
6
Roll a "6": Probability is
1
6
Each probability is between 0 and 1, so the first property of a probability distribution holds true. And the sum of all the probabilities:
1
6
+
1
6
+
1
6
+
1
6
+
1
6
+
1
6
=
1
,
so the second property of a probability distribution holds true.
In expanded form, the answer would look like this:
100,000 + 10,000 + 4,000 + 6
The equation given is

where a is some number.
We can solve for x by taking the square root of both sides.
Now let's think through what happens for various values of a.
TWO SOLUTIONS
If a is a positive number the above yields two solutions. Take for example:

There will be two solutions (one positive and one negative) as there are two numbers (here -7 and +7) that when multiplied by themselves give 49. That is,

and

. The positive root is called the principal root and the negative root is called the secondary root. This will be the case anytime we take the root of a positive number.
ONE SOLUTION
If a = 0 there is only one solution. That is because

and

. Zero is neither positive nor negative and it has only one root which is 0 itself. So in this case there is only one solution and it is 0.
NO (REAL) SOLUTIONS
If a is negative we would be taking the square root of a negative number. There is no (real) number that when multiplied by itself gives a negative number. Take for example

which gives us

. The square root of -49 is not 7 because (7)(7)=49 which is positive. The square root of -49 is not -7 because (-7)(-7)=49 which is also positive. There is no real number that gives -49 when multiplied by itself. I say "real" numbers because there do exist imaginary/complex numbers but because of the way the questions was asked I imagine you may not know about these yet.
<span>Every integer is a rational number, since each integer n can be written in the form n/1. For example 5 = 5/1 and thus 5 is a rational number. i hope this helps you</span>