Classical Conditioning is associating one with another through association. A good example would be Pavlov and his dogs. Pavlov would ring a bell and then feed the dogs. Then every time he rang the bell, the dogs would salivate thinking it was time to eat. This question is asking you how do you think this government was able to condition these people into being afraid of flowers and books? What kind of methods do you think they used? Do you think they were hit with books or only allowed to touch thorned flowers?