Many things including protests
Answer: B. Punishment
Explanation: There are different learning processes, one of such is operant conditioning which is an associative type of learning process which is used to modify a stimulus or behavior. These modifications are made using either reinforcement or punishment.
Punishment is used to reduce or completely eliminate a behavior or stimulus. It is a change that occurs after a stimulus such that it reduces or completely eliminates the occurrence of such behavior again in the future. While reinforcement increase the chances of reoccurence of such behavior.
Answer:
RISK PREMIUM
Explanation:
The EMV that a person is willing to give up in order to avoid the risk associated with a gamble is referred to as the <em>Risk premium </em>
A risk premium is the return in excess of the risk-free rate of return an investment is expected to yield It is paid as a compensation to investors who are willing to take on a risk filled kind of investment .
and it can be calculated using this formula :: Risk Premium = Estimated Return on Investment - Risk-free Rate.
Explanation:
If richer regions can attract more investment than poorer regions because of their larger ex ante tax bases, then fiscal federalism adversely affects the growth prospects of poorer regions by reducing the resources available for either central or regional governments to fund valuable projects in poorer regions.Often geographical constraints, market imperfections, government policies, a lack of law & order, identity, per capita income and various socio-economic reasons can contribute to regional disparity such that some regions are more backward than other areas falling within the same nation
(hope it helps)
