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inna [77]
3 years ago
12

Who argued that the equal protection clause found in the fourteenth amendment already included women citizens

History
1 answer:
lakkis [162]3 years ago
7 0

The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws".

A primary motivation for this clause was to validate the equality provisions contained in the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed that all people would have rights equal to those of all citizens. As a whole, the Fourteenth Amendment marked a large shift in American constitutionalism, by applying substantially more constitutional restrictions against the states than had applied before the Civil War.

The meaning of the Equal Protection Clause has been the subject of much debate, and inspired the well-known phrase "Equal Justice Under Law". This clause was the basis for Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court decision that helped to dismantle racial segregation, and also the basis for many other decisions rejecting discrimination against people belonging to various groups.

While the Equal Protection Clause itself only applies to state and local governments, the Supreme Court held in Bolling v. Sharpe (1954) that the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment nonetheless imposes various equal protection requirements on the federal government.

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3 years ago
what were significant events that happened in the Frech revolution? ( In order by date, and in paragraph form.)
mash [69]

On May 5th, 1789, King Louis XVI called the Estates General together for the first time in a long time, featuring the clergy, the noblemen, and all France together.

After being removed from the Estates General, the Third Estate formed the National Assembly and then swore to the Tennis Court (June 17, 1789)  promising not to leave.

By July 14, 1789, enraged revolutionaries attacked the Bastille in an attempt to make a statement facing the monarchy, and also attaining weapons and gunpowder hoarded in the prison.

On August 26, 1789, The Declaration of the Rights of Man states that all men are equal under the law, although women and children were not included in this document.

On October 5, 1789, pressure rises as the Parisian market women lead a march on Versailles to object about scarcity and high prices.

The Civil Constitution of the Clergy was published on July 12, 1790, allowing the French government to control the Church, and to sell church land to get much-needed resources.

On June 20, 1791, the Royal Family attempts to flee from France but are seized at Verannes and sent back to Paris. The King is then forced to go on trial.

Finally, on January 21, 1793, after his trial, the execution of the King took place. LAter, between September 1793 and July 1794, the Reign of Terror

sentenced thousands of people to death by execution in a dispute between Jacobins and the Girondins. The leader of the Jacobins, Maximilien arises as a new leader of the Revolution and on July 27, 1794, Maximilien Robespierre, leader of the Jacobins, is executed, allowing the Girondins to gain more power as a result.

8 0
3 years ago
How has American expansion been different from European Expansion?
Elenna [48]

Answer: America did not pursue a colonial policy, unlike European countries.

Explanation:

And while Britain, Spain, France, Portugal, Belgium, and other imperialist powers colonized almost the entire world, America did not have these pretensions. The United States has expanded its territorial integrity but has not sent overseas expeditions to other continents to exploit those countries' natural and mineral resources.

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3 years ago
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hram777 [196]
Rocks or Dirt. Most of the time geologist will use these to determine factors from the surrounding area such as how old it is, as well as how long its been there.
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3 years ago
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Gennadij [26K]
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