Answer:
Answer is A. One.
Refer below.
Explanation:
A data flow cannot go directly back to the same process it leaves. There must be at least one other process that handle(s) the data flow, produce(s) some other data flow, and return(s) the original data flow to the beginning process.
The answer is encryption
steganography would be hiding data, like in an image
digital forensics is the analysis done after an attack
and the last one is a security standard
Well, you need to partition your hard drive. Partitioning your hard drive designates usable space on your hdd.
And you need to format your hard drive. Formatting installs a file system on to your hard drive, it allows the operating system to read, write and overall understand the data stored on the disk. Without it, an OS cannot keep track of file locations, nor can it typically identify already used sectors (space) on a hdd.
However, neither of these two concepts are tests.