The Egyptians failed to adapt to the new changes of their world. There are multiple books on this and it is very interesting.
The correct answers here are the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Both of these empires were on the losing side of the World War One as Austria-Hungary started the World War I and the Ottoman Empire was theirs and Germany's ally. The Ottoman Empire was partitioned after the world by the world powers Russia, France and Great Britain and the Austria-Hungary was dissolved into the Kingdom of Hungary and the First Austrian Republic.
The Mexican-American War happened from 1846-1848.
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It weakened the federalists party, but the philosophy of a strong national government was carried on by the war hawks,who were part of the republican party.
