Answer:
Those that are able to acquire their food and shelter needs in order to survive and reproduce.
Explanation:
<span>Occurs in the kidneys, at the site of functional subunits called nephrons.
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Answer:
At low Ts= Hopanoids increase membrane fluidity
At higher Ts= Hopanoids reduce the membrane fluidity
Explanation:
Bacterial membranes lack cholesterol but have hopanoids. Hopanoids are synthesized from the same precursor as the steroid. The hopanoids also have five fused ring structures like that of cholesterol. The amphipathic nature of hopanoids allows them to maintain the membrane fluidity under low and higher temperature conditions.
When the temperatures are higher, the hopanoids serve to reduce the membrane fluidity by their ability to interact with polar heads and non-polar tails of the membrane phospholipids. At lower temperatures, hopanoids insert themselves between the non-polar tails of phospholipids to increase the membrane fluidity.
Answer:
Malonyl-CoA, a key intermediate in fatty acid synthesis, inhibits carnitine acyltransferase I, thereby blocking the entry of fatty acyl units into the mitochondrion for oxidation.
Fatty acyl-CoAs, the substrates for fatty acid oxidation, inhibit fatty acid synthesis by interfering with the polymerization of acetyl-CoA.
Hormonal effects on adipocytes are opposed; insulin promotes fatty acid synthesis by several mechanisms; while glucagon promotes fat breakdown and fatty acid oxidation