The Alien and Sedition Acts were a series of acts passed by the Federalist Congress and signed by John Adams in 1798 after the XYZ affair with France that gave the Federal government broad power to arrest people who were voicing opposition to the government and made it harder for immigrants to enter the US.
A couple months after he was elected, the stock market crashed and the Great Depression was beginning. Unlike Andrew Mellon and Calvin Coolidge who believed that the federal government should keep its hands off the economy, Herbert Hoover believed that some action from the federal government is necessary.
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1. primary source materials.
2. historiography
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The history of the holiday dates back to the pagan beliefs of the Celts; however, Western Christians on this day established a large and joyful holiday - “All Saints Day.” This choice, of course, was not accidental. It is associated with the name of the first Irish Christian who was not afraid to speak out against the forces of darkness in those days when, according to the beliefs of his people, evil received particular power. This man was St. Patrick.
Halloween mythology is rooted in Celtic paganism. In their calendar, on this day, theer is the festival Samhain. Julius Caesar, waging wars in Gaul, commenting on some Celtic religious ideas, noted that on Samhain day, a door between worlds opened and the gods freely entered the space of human life. The road was open both ways. However, after preaching of St. Patrick, in about half a century, Ireland, from a country where wild sacrifice reigned, turned into an “island of scientists and saints." People ceased to be afraid of “intruders” from the other world. Celtic society was pleased to be free from the dubious “cultural heritage” of paganism, which required murder and terrifying. Namely on this day Celtic Christians in the 8th century began to celebrate the memory of all saints.
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When Governor Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to surround Central High School to keep the nine students from entering the school, President Eisenhower ordered the 101st Airborne Division into Little Rock to insure the safety of the "Little Rock Nine" and that the rulings of the Supreme Court were upheld.
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